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Entrepreneurship, which traditionally has been a male occupation, still attracts fewer women than men. Challenging gender stereotypes within entrepreneurship is one avenue to increase women's entrepreneurial intention and promote women entrepreneurship. This study adapts the “think manager – think male” leadership perspective to the entrepreneurship context and explores gender stereotype's implications for both entrepreneurial intention and motivation to become an entrepreneur.

A total of 902 Spanish non-entrepreneurs, both male and female, were randomly asked about the representation of successful entrepreneurs (no-gender-mention), successful men entrepreneurs or successful women entrepreneurs (reduced stereotype threat condition vs no-gender-mention or men entrepreneurs' conditions). Then, female participants' entrepreneurial intention, its antecedents (i.e. attitudes toward entrepreneurship, subjective norms and entrepreneurial self-efficacy) and necessity vs opportunity motivation were measured and compared to their male counterparts' scores in those three conditions.

Female participants reported higher entrepreneurial intention, self-efficacy and opportunity motivation when assigned to the successful women entrepreneurs' condition. Younger participants – compared to older ones – also exhibited higher entrepreneurial intention and opportunity motivation, more positive attitudes toward entrepreneurship and higher scores in subjective norms. Furthermore, findings suggest a woman entrepreneur seems to be less accessible (or more counter-stereotypical) to male participants than to female participants and, thus, the “think entrepreneur – think male” bias is more noticeable in male participants. Therefore, reducing negative stereotype threat for women in entrepreneurship may increase women's entrepreneurial career aspirations. This is of utmost importance to optimize training courses and mentoring programs to strengthen women's self-efficacy in their entrepreneurial skills and capabilities.

This study contributes to the literature about gender, entrepreneurial intention and motivation by adapting a leadership paradigm (“think manager – think male”) to entrepreneurship (“think entrepreneur – think male”). These findings shed new light on the antecedents of entrepreneurial intention and motivation and have implications for policy measures. Acknowledging that exposure to successful women entrepreneurs as role models potentially facilitates entrepreneurship among women, governments should provide tailor-made incentives and support for women entrepreneurs in the form of awareness raising, networking and in the mass media.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between employees’ perception of authentic leadership and their turnover intention as mediated by employees’ work-group identification (WID) and work engagement.

Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data from 623 Spanish employees.

Results show that authentic leadership has a negative effect on turnover intention and positive effects on work engagement and WID. The direct relationship between authentic leadership and turnover intention was found to be partially mediated by employees’ work engagement.

One of the strongest implications that may be drawn from this study is that authentic leaders can influence employees’ turnover intentions by positively enhancing their engagement. Thus, the study highlights authentic leadership as a key element for retaining valuable employees through the promotion of employees’ work engagement.

To the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the association between authentic leadership and turnover intention and the meditational effect of work engagement and WID.

The purpose of this study is to provide a bibliometric analysis of the research on entrepreneurial intentions. A total of 1,393 papers published from the year 2000 to 2018 are analysed. The study attempts to identify the significant journals in this area, years with the maximum publication, most cited papers, important authors and most prolific countries and institutions. Then, the co-authorship network map, inter-country co-authorship network map and keyword co-occurrences network maps are provided.

The Scopus database was used for analysing the large data about various papers included in this study. Then, the VOSviewer software was used for creating a co-authorship network map, inter-country co-authorship network map and keywords co-occurrences network maps.

The results of this study indicate that in the year 2017, the maximum papers have been published, the most significant journal is International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business and the most cited paper is about competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the most prominent author is Francisco Linan, and the most prolific country and institution are the USA and the University of Seville (Spain), respectively.

This study contributes to the existing literature on entrepreneurial intentions. A much comprehensive and reliable picture of this area is provided using the bibliometric techniques. The results can help in guiding the authors interested in conducting future research on this topic.

Drawing on self-determination theory, this study reveals the formative and functional mechanism of entrepreneurial leadership and constructs an integrated model that combines objective and subjective career success.

Using data from 189 leaders from China, this study examined the relationship among cognitive style, social norms, entrepreneurial leadership and career success. Using SPSS version 25.0 and AMOS version 23.0, factor analysis, correlation, path analysis and moderation analysis were performed.

The results indicated that innovative cognitive style is positively related to entrepreneurial leadership, and this relationship is reinforced by social norms. Adaptive cognitive style is negatively related to entrepreneurial leadership, but this relationship is not regulated by social norms. Besides, this study found a significantly positive relationship between entrepreneurial leadership and objective career success, while entrepreneurial leadership does not demonstrate a significant relationship with subjective career success.

By combining subjective and the objective career success into entrepreneurial leadership research, the findings provide a new perspective for understanding what other experiences entrepreneurship can bring to leaders. Furthermore, the current study analyzes the informal institutional environment's promoting and impeding roles between cognitive style and entrepreneurial leadership.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between sales managers’ authentic leadership style and salespeople’s positive development.

Multilevel regression analysis was used to examine the data from 40 work teams from several Spanish retail companies (190 salespeople and 40 sales managers).

In line with previous studies, the analyses indicated that sales managers’ authentic leadership style as perceived by employees significantly predicted salespeople’s work engagement and psychological capital (PsyCap). Contrary to the expectations, salespeople’s perceptions of sales managers’ authentic leadership did not relate to sales managers’ self-ratings of authentic leadership, but instead related to sales managers’ gender (women were perceived as more authentic) and higher perceived frequency of leader–follower interaction.

The study contributes to the literature by testing if sales managers’ variables (gender and self-ratings of authentic leadership and perceived frequency of leader–follower interaction) predict salespeople’s perceptions of authentic leadership, which in turn, predict salespeople’s positive development (work engagement and PsyCap).

The purpose of this paper is to explore the relations of authentic leadership (AL) with employee knowledge sharing behavior and intervening processes.

A correlational study is presented with a sample of 562 workers belonging to diverse Spanish organizations.

The results obtained by means of multiple regression analysis showed positive associations of AL on employees’ knowledge sharing behavior. Specifically, the effect on these employee behaviors was fully mediated by the group innovation climate, and partially by their identification with the workgroup.

Future works should study this association in depth and examine possible differential relationships of AL on diverse types employee knowledge, explicit, and implicit, proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1995).

The study indicates the type of leadership that should be developed in organizations, and the type of processes and environments to foster in the work units to stimulate acts of sharing knowledge among the members.

This is the first study examining innovation group climate and workgroup identification as mediators between AL with employee knowledge sharing behavior.

This is one of the first long‐term studies on entrepreneurial intentions (EIs) and their role in predicting start‐up. In entrepreneurship, the usefulness of intention models depends crucially on their stability over time. The purpose of this paper is to explore this issue in a cohort of university graduates.

Using a structural equation model (SEM), it addresses three research questions: whether EI and perceptions are stable over time; whether the pattern of relationships of the variables in the model remains stable over a three‐year period; and whether intention accurately predicts entry into self‐employment. A two‐wave study was conducted with respondents being final year students at time 1 (T1), and part of the working/active adult population at time 2 (T2).

The results suggest that construct scores and the pattern of relationships between the variables are notably stable over the three‐year period. The only partial exception is that of perceived behavioral control. Finally, EIs are found to significantly explain actual start‐up behavior. Implications are derived for future research and entrepreneurship education and policy.

The generalizability of the results cannot be claimed until these findings are replicated by additional samples from different segments of the population and in different contexts. In particular, the number of new entrepreneurs at T2 is small and results in this respect are to be taken with caution.

The value of this paper resides in its clarifying the conditions under which EIs and their antecedents remain stable over time, thus enabling actual start‐up behavior.

Éste es uno de los primeros estudios a largo plazo sobre intenciones emprendedoras y su papel para predecir la creación de una empresa. En los estudios sobre emprendimiento, la utilidad de los modelos de intención depende crucialmente de su estabilidad a lo largo del tiempo. Este artículo explora esta cuestión en una cohorte de graduados universitarios.

Gracias a un modelo de ecuación estructural, se abordan tres preguntas de investigación: si la intención y las percepciones emprendedoras son estables en el tiempo; si el patrón de relaciones entre las variables del modelo permanece estable en un periodo de tres años; y si la intención predice con precisión la entrada en el autoempleo. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio en dos etapas, en la primera los encuestados eran estudiantes universitarios de último año (T1) y en la segunda formaban parte de la población adulta activa/trabajadora (T2).

El trabajo realizado sugiere que tanto las puntuaciones asignadas a cada constructo, como el patrón de relaciones entre las variables son notablemente estables en el periodo de tres años. La única excepción parcial es el control conductual percibido. Finalmente, podemos indicar que las intenciones emprendedoras explican significativamente el comportamiento emprendedor efectivo. Se analizan las implicaciones para futuras investigaciones y para la política sobre educación emprendedora.

Los resultados no se pueden generalizar hasta que éstos no sean replicados en diferentes muestras con otros segmentos de población y en diferentes contextos. En particular, el número de nuevos emprendedores en T2 es pequeño y los resultados en este aspecto deben tomarse con cautela.

El valor de este artículo reside en la clarificación de las condiciones bajo las cuales la intención emprendedora y sus antecedentes permanecen estables en el tiempo, haciendo así posible la efectiva realización del comportamiento emprendedor.

Building on the dualistic approach to passion, the aim of this paper was to examine how work engagement and workaholism relate to entrepreneurs' performance (innovative behavior, business growth, and subjective business performance).

Cross-sectional survey data of 180 Spanish entrepreneurs were analyzed using partial least squares modeling.

Evidence was found for a dual affective pathway to performance. Work engagement related favorably to performance through its relationship with more positive affect and less negative affect. Workaholism related to more negative affect, which in turn related negatively to performance. After controlling for affective states, both work engagement and workaholism still had a direct and positive association with innovative behavior.

Limitations are the cross-sectional design and the reliance on self-report measures; although self-reports of business growth can be considered indicative of objective business performance. Bi-directional relationships between the study variables seem plausible. The dualistic approach to passion is a sound theoretical basis for future research on drivers and consequences of work engagement and workaholism.

The findings imply that entrepreneurial success can be enhanced by improving entrepreneurs' emotion-regulation strategies to manage their affective states. Workaholics especially would benefit from such strategies.

Improving entrepreneurial performance has value for society via counteracting economic decline and creation of wealth and jobs.

This study adds to our limited understanding of the consequences of work engagement and workaholism. It addresses entrepreneurs, who are an under researched occupational group.

Based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour, the purpose of this paper is to analyse the influence of the advantages and disadvantages of entrepreneurship surrounding the entrepreneurial intention on a university context.

To test the hypothesis it is used a quantitative research. With a structural equations approach, it is explored the psychological mechanisms that could affect to the entrepreneurial intentions of university students.

The results obtained show that the advantages related to entrepreneurship, in particular personal rewards, influence positively on the entrepreneurial attitude. However, the disadvantages, in particular economic aspects, have a negative effect. Additionally, the authors test that the gender and the academic training have a moderate effect on the variables which influence on the entrepreneurial intention.

This paper contributes to the literature on entrepreneurship in two important aspects. First, it goes into detail about the influence that perceived advantages and disadvantages of starting a new business has on entrepreneurial intentions. Second, the authors examine relevant and special collective, university students that try to decide their professional future and, hence, it is a critical period to decide the startup of a new business.

Con la Teoría de Comportamiento Planificado como marco de referencia este trabajo analiza la influencia de las ventajas e inconvenientes asociados al emprendimiento sobre la intención emprendedora en un contexto universitario.

Para la contrastación empírica de las hipótesis planteadas se realiza una investigación de naturaleza cuantitativa mediante la cual se exploran los mecanismos psicológicos que podrían guiar las intenciones de emprendimiento de los estudiantes universitarios.

Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que las ventajas asociadas al emprendimiento, en especial las recompensas personales, influyen positivamente en la actitud emprendedora, mientras que los inconvenientes asociados al emprendimiento, y en particular los aspectos económicos, ejercen un efecto negativo. Asimismo, se constata que el sexo y los estudios cursados tienen un efecto moderador en las variables que afectan a la intención emprendedora.

El presente trabajo aporta dos contribuciones fundamentales a la literatura sobre emprendimiento. Por un lado, profundiza en la comprensión de la influencia que tienen en la decisión de emprender las percepciones de los individuos respecto a las ventajas e inconvenientes de crear un negocio propio. Por otro lado, se examina un colectivo de especial relevancia en el ámbito del emprendimiento, como son los estudiantes universitarios, que se encuentran en situación de encaminar su futuro profesional y, por tanto, en un momento crítico para la decisión de crear una empresa propia.

The purpose of this study is to understand the influence of the transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership styles and collaborative integrative behavior of the team with respect to organizational ambidexterity (the combination of exploration and exploitation learning) in university research groups.

From a survey conducted with a sample of 506 researchers, members of 165 research groups, working in an emerging economy, a multiple regression model analysis was performed.

Findings of this study provide evidence that the coordinator's transformational leadership and the collaborative integrative behavior of the team positively influence organizational ambidexterity of research groups. Transactional leadership and laissez-faire style do not show any significant influence.

This study addresses the lack of knowledge regarding organizational learning in research groups to explore and exploit knowledge through research result transfer processes based on the organizational ambidexterity logic in higher education institutions (HEIs) from emerging economies. The study aims to contribute to the literature on leadership styles and ambidexterity in HEIs in emerging economies, particularly in Latin America, where there is still a scarcity of research on the attributes of effective leadership.